Arc of Justice Essay Example for Free

Bend of Justice Essay Bend of Justice by Kevin Boyle does significantly more than tell a record of an episode in 1920s Detroit, it goes further into the issues of individuals inside the city just as the city itself. The story centers around Ossian Sweet, a man from an unassuming community called Bartow, Florida whose guardians sent him up north so he could get an opportunity to make a big deal about himself, which he did. This, in any case, didn't change the way that he was a dark man living in mid twentieth century America, and moved into the city of Detroit which was known to be the most isolated city in the United States (p. 44) Boyle delves into the individual existence of Sweet, just as the lives of individuals around him-high contrast to give the peruser a reasonable, practical part of how life resembled in 1920s Detroit. The start of the novel portrays Sweet’s change from a nation kid in Florida to an exceptional effective specialist in the bustling city of Detroit. At the insignificant age of thirteen, Ossian was sent from the little homestead his folks Henry and Dora had to the school in Ohio by the name of Wilberforce. There Ossian started his learning on a grounds that was presently where close as extraordinarily supported as the white schools like Harvard. From that point he proceeded onward to Howard University, where Ossian got an eye opener about himself just as the issues with race. At the point when he started his educating in Harvard in the late 1910s, the race riots were a consistent danger, and by living in Washington DC, Ossian got the opportunity to see a great deal of it.

The Relationship Between Language and Content in Poetry Essay Example

The Relationship Between Language and Content in Poetry Essay Example The Relationship Between Language and Content in Poetry Essay The Relationship Between Language and Content in Poetry Essay Exposition Topic: Verse Numerous tallented writers portray words as instruments of verbal language used to fabricate a picture in people groups mind and to move a feeling or win a specific reason. David Waggoners Their Bodies, Langston Hughes Share-Croppers, and Ruth Collins The Song of the Factory Worker is three specific sonnets that were investigated in examination styles and the redemption of words. The three sonnets share certain highlights for all intents and purpose. The highlights between the three sonnets identifies with ethnicity, sexual orientation, age, work and the connection between lifes preliminaries. The creator Ruth Collins breaks down the hindrances ladies confronted working in a manufacturing plant. The Red block working with numerous windows is a similarity to prison or jail dividers. For instance, jail dividers or prison dividers are worked with blocks. Youre like a vampire, for any place I go, you know Im returning to you is a similarity of each course detainees take in the jail framework returns to blocks with no way to get away. This specific sonnet portrays the huge sounds that exist in the production line. A few sounds were The buzz, hum of the apparatus and The snap of the tacker. In any case, the most intrigued line with regards to the sonnet that stuck in the brain of the peruser was the worn out peered toward ones. This specific line is a case of each individual having a long, tedious, and occupied day at work. For instance, if Bradley Jordan has a lot of work requests to finish at work, the attributes of his physical appearance toward the day's end is moderate strolling and tired-eyes. The peruser most important line was the red-haired young lady, when the sun sets her head burning. This line depicts the attributes of a specific lady, working in a processing plant, keeping up her excellence. The female assembly line laborer will sew until she turns into a worn out looked at one. In Langston Hughess sonnet, he conveys a considerably more irate methodology. In the start of the sonnet, he states Just a group of Negroes Driven to the field. This specific line portrays Negroes as quiet livestock, similar to oxens or jackasses. They were required to proceed to work in the cotton field with no acknowledgment of knowledge or individual worth. Langston Hughes straightforwardly communicates his sentiment in this sonnet. The purpose for the maltreatment was the skin shading. Hughes is unmistakably irate and vexed due to the bondage with African American laborers. The maltreatment had no reasonable start and the end won't be lenient. David Wagoners sonnet, Their Bodies, is an incredible and ambivalent bit of work. Wagoner utilization of analogies analyzed subjects and communicated respect for the person. He additionally made notice to the peruser that every methodology was blameless or once a parent. David clarifies that bodies ought to be dealt with really and amenably. The three sonnets reminded the perusers through representations that a people esteem is especially not controlled by age, sex, or race. Why the people in these specific sonnets retaliate against the anguish, torment, and suffocation? In the sonnet The Song of the Factory Worker, Collins depicted the red block working as an awful medication propensity. The people need to leave, however they are brought back on account of their cheerful subjugation, the upbeat giggling and the melodies they sing. This depiction is much the same as medication fanatic needing to stop drugs. People utilizing drugs need to stop, however the servitude of a vibe decent high keeps them returning. Langston Hughes communicates a lot of outrage toward constraint and bigotry. He is an African American essayist, who is furious with himself and his siblings. Hughes doesn't depict alluring components of a lady or excellent hues in a butterfly. Step by step passes by and we are not much, the peruser could envision the Negroes torments and comprehend why they thought there was no expectation. The sweet and settle sonnet was the Their Bodies. This specific sonnet opposes people that obtain information for a fact. The body is a unique vessel that has a name, past, and family. The elderly person is portrayed as scars of steel-factory on the backs of his hands, on the scruff of his neck, on his arms and strong legs. Accepting this is certainly not a profound work of Jesus, the dead body is a wonder. The perusers are reminded to their best to adapt genuinely and graciously. The three sonnets are composed with incredible, eminent, and extraordinary figurative language. In spite of the fact that the positions are extraordinary, the plot of every sonnet relates working. Regardless of whether white or dark, old or youthful, female or male, the sonnets show poise for people.

How to Stop Being Lazy and Unproductive

How to Stop Being Lazy and Unproductive Happiness Print How to Stop Being Lazy By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on May 31, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 14, 2019  Westend61 / Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All We all have periods of time when we feel less energetic and struggle to find motivation. It is common to feel this way on occasion but, when these moments start becoming more frequent or last for longer periods of time, we might start seeing ourselves differently. Our goals become less important, we find it difficult to feel inspired and we might start wondering if we are capable. We may even start calling ourselves lazy. Our Ideal Self We all have a sense of who we want to be, how we want to behave, goals  we want to accomplish, and how we want to show up in the world.  Ideal self  is a concept in psychology that refers to the image we carry in our minds of what our best self would look, act, and feel like. Our ideal self is often an image of productivity and our achievement of certain goals, healthy behaviors, and more. Unfortunately, our busy lives dont often allow for much reflection on our ideal self and it seems to get lost in the shuffle, tucked away somewhere with our childhood answers to What do you want to be when you grow up? Youre Not Alone If you feel lazy or unproductive at times, you are certainly not alone. Research has found that only 8%  of people who set a New Years resolution actually achieve their intended goal. In fact, 1 in 4 people dont make it past their first week before throwing in the towel! What happens that makes it so difficult to hang in there, stay productive, and work toward our desired goals? There are many things that can get in the way of our productivity and achievement of goals, leaving us to see ourselves as lazy. Sometimes the obstacles are situational or related to timing and opportunity, while other times we may be creating the obstacles ourselves with our approach, our mindset, or our methods. Old Habits Die Hard In order to make real progress and quit our old lazy patterns, we need to recognize what might be influencing our inability to reach our goals or leaving us  feeling less productive than we would like to be. So, what you might think of as lazy, may just be a matter of switching up your approach and getting rid of old, unhelpful habits that have kept you from feeling productive and achieving your goals. Here are several such habits that can prevent us from reaching our goals. If anything on this list looks familiar, dont worryâ€"you are far from alone: Making your  goals too big or complicated. We all want to reach the pinnacle, but we might grossly underestimate how much effort and time it takes to get up there. If we give up after a few hours, its not because we are lazy but because we may have realized we miscalculated the amount of time and effort involved.Expecting yourself to be perfect. When we are working toward a goal we expect the road to be smooth and consistent when, in reality, the path toward our goal is most likely going to be full of twists, turns, and setbacks.Listening to your inner critic. If the term lazy is part of your self-talk, there are likely more negative and critical statements that come from your inner critic on a regular basis. You may even bring out your inner critic in an attempt to motivate yourself. What happens? Your critical voice focuses on all of your flaws and shortcomings, rather than any existing strengths and positive attributes that could help you move forward.Listening to criticism from o thers.  As we learn  about ourselves and the world through our experiences, we are receiving feedback from others that helps to shape our self-concept.  When someone important to us has called us lazy in the past, it can really impact how we see ourselves even into adulthood. We may also hear people criticize our efforts in our adult life, leaving us to feel self-doubt or discouragement.Not creating a plan of action. When we find inspiration and become excited about a new goal, we can forget the importance of creating a plan. Our excitement for the goal can cause us to move fast and with a lot of passion, but turn into a sense of being overwhelmed and feeling aimless. What to Start Doing Fortunately, there are plenty of achievable steps you can take to turn things around or stay on track with your goals: Create small, attainable goals. You can still desire to reach the pinnacle, but break that huge goal down into smaller goals that will help you feel more accomplished and motivated to continue climbing. As you consider the big picture, remember the key steps that will be needed to get there and write them down. If needed, break those down into even smaller or shorter-term goals.  Take time to develop a plan. Sit with yourself for a moment as you reflect on your desires and goals, considering those small and attainable steps you will need to accomplish in order to get there. Be realistic about the amount of effort, time, money, help or other factors involved in meeting this goal. Going into the process with an action plan will help you feel more confident and peaceful, as well as give you something to refer back to when you feel discouraged or have a setback.Focus on your strengths. If you are used to an inner critic that focuses on your flaws and shortcomings, you will find great ben efit in taking inventory of your strengths. Do you find it hard to think of any personal strengths? Consider any challenge you have been through and reflect on what personal strengths you used to get through that experience. If you still find it difficult to identify strengths, ask friends or family what they see as your greatest strength. You can also find strengths assessments online, such as the Values In Action inventory.Celebrate the small victories. Celebrating your victories as you accomplish the small goals, or even as you overcome setbacks, can help you continue moving forward. The pride we experience in meeting our goals can help reinforce more positive self-talk. We experience increased self-efficacy with each accomplishment, which can help us find long-term success.Recruit support. It is okay to ask for help along the way. We thrive when connected to important people in a positive, healthy way. Allow those important support people to be a part of your experience. You may want them to celebrate with you along the way or may want to turn to them in times of need when you experience a setback or obstacle. Finding reassurance and encouragement from important people in our lives can help us develop greater resiliency. Your Physical Health Our feelings of laziness can also be influenced by how we are taking care of ourselves physically. We can learn new goal-setting habits and work to challenge our negative thought patterns, but we also need to consider what we are doing for our bodies. Taking care of our physical health can help set the stage for increased energy which, in turn, can allow us to put these other positive changes into action. Food What we eat plays a significant role in how energetic we feel. When our schedules dont allow much time for food planning and preparation, we might find ourselves reaching for quick options on the go, options that offer little nutritional value to help us maintain adequate energy levels. Foods higher in protein, for example, can help our bodies to maintain more stable blood sugar levels and keep us from feeling drastic ups and downs in our energy throughout the day. Examples of food and drink  that can help increase energy include: AlmondsSalmonBananasYogurtOatsDark Leafy GreensChickenWater Examples of food and drink to  avoid if you want increased energy include: French friesCandyBreadSugary drinksDonutsDessertsAlcohol Although sugary foods can give us a temporary boost of energy, it is very short-lived and can leave us feeling as if our energy levels have bottomed out. The timing of our meals and snacks can impact our energy levels as well. Eating smaller meals through the day can help us maintain steady levels of energy, compared to eating larger, heavier meals that often leave us feeling  tired. Exercise When we are tired and feeling lazy, the last thing we likely want to do is exercise. However, moving our bodies can help increase our energy levels and overall feelings of productivity. Research has shown that even just low to moderate levels of exercise can have a significant impact on our energy levels, helping to reduce fatigue.   Ways to incorporate more exercise can include: Walking your dogJogging with a friendHiking with a groupAttending a group fitness classTrying a new yoga class Sleep Our sleep patterns can greatly impact our energy levels. If you tend to feel lazy, you might think you are getting too much sleep at night or find yourself taking extended naps during the day. Creating a healthy sleep routine can help you maintain a consistent sleep schedule and, in turn, help you feel more balanced and energized to take on tasks and feel more productive. If you are a night owl or a napper, this transition could take some work. However, being able to start your day with increased energy, and being able to maintain your energy levels through the day, make the sleep routine worthwhile. What to consider in your sleep care routine: Try to go to bed at the same time each nightAim for 8 hours of sleep per nightLimit screen time at least an hour before bedLimit caffeine after lunchtime Stress Management Being constantly overscheduled, with demands placed on us in multiple areas of our lives, can leave us feeling physically and emotionally drained. In these moments we can find it difficult to take active  steps and make decisions because we are exhausted. Feelings of exhaustion can leave us feeling as if we are lazy when we are actually stressed and overwhelmed. According to the American Psychological Association, some helpful ways to manage your stress include things like: Incorporating  exercise and movement into your dayFinding reasons to smile or laughIncreasing  your social supportPracticing  meditation or prayer daily Boundaries A significant element of stress management is making sure we are using our time wisely. It can be easy to say yes to our co-workers, our spouse, our children, and friends. So easy, in fact, that you may find yourself unable to actually fulfill all of what you have committed to. Look at where you are spending your time, take inventory of unfinished tasks on your to-do list, consider where you can politely say no so that you can use that time for things that need your attention and energy. If the idea of setting boundaries is new to you, the first couple of steps would include giving yourself permission to do it and to start with small things. You may be afraid of how people will respond to you and that is okay. Remember that your goal here is to improve self-care, increase energy and feel empowered to tackle the tasks and goals that are important to you. Creating  time for yourself is key and setting small boundaries around your time will help you do just that. Dont Get Distracted With Comparison Lastly, when we feel lazy it is natural to look around and think everyone else is getting it right except you. Dont allow yourself to get caught in the distraction of comparing yourself to others. Remember, our inner critic is a roadblock to our productivity and can keep us feeling stuck. Allow yourself to show up differently in your life and remember that the journey is uniquely yours. Taking small steps toward better self-care, increased energy, improved goals, and healthy boundary setting can help you stop feeling lazy in no time. Prioritizing and taking consistent action steps are the key to long term change and there is no better time than now to take those first steps.

The Characteristic Of Snowball By George Orwell - 885 Words

Mst. Firoza Khatun Prof: John Remarek Language and Composition 10th Dec 2017 Characteristic of Snowball Animal Farm is an allegorical book which was written by George Orwell. In this book the author represents the important characters of the Russian Revolution. There are many characters in this book. A pig named Snowball is one of them who is based on Leon Trotsky. Leon Trotsky was an early leader in communism (ANIMAL FARM). He had control of the Soviet Union. He followed Karl Marx direction who was leader of communist party and also planner of Russian revolution. Trotsky leaded the â€Å"October Revolution,† to get freedom from Czar Nicholas II. On the other hand, Snowball is an early leader in Animalism. He played an important role in getting†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"War is war, the only good human being is a dead one† (28). These sentences point Snowball’s view that there is no need for sentimentally, everything is right in war. In this battle we saw Snowball’s ideal leadership and intelligence. As a result, he gets an award of ‘Animal He ro, First Class.’ (28). Similarly, Trotsky was the leader of â€Å"Red Army†. He won the Russian Civil War and became the second leader of the country. After the war, Snowball and Trotsky became an important leader to the society. Snowball is a good thinker about happiness of the animals’ life. He wants to improve the all animals’ life. That`s why he follows seven commandments of old Major. His thought about importance of education of every animal was very helpful for them. He considered education is important for every animal. If every animal will be educating they will understand what are good for them and what are bad? As he is already literate at that time he tried educate all animal. As a result, all of animal on the farm was literate in some degree. He also thinks about freedom. When Mollie asked question to Snowball about making sugar then Snowball said, â€Å"We have no means of making sugar on this farm. Besides, you do not need sugar. You will have all the oats and hay you want† (10). According to these sentences it is clear that after getting freedom they would get everything what they want. It means there is no need for luxury life or unnecessitiesShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Squealer1346 Words   |  6 PagesSly, greedy, and crafty are just a few characteristics that describe Squealer in the book Animal Farm by George Orwell. This pig is also a messenger, an actor, a great persuasive speaker, a follower, and an outstanding liar. Hes nimble, hes clever, hes manipulative and most of all hes sneaky. Squealer uses his intelligence to persuade the other animals on the farm into doing what Napoleon wants, even if they dont really want to do it. He uses his craftiness and cunning to persuade the animalsRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm921 Words   |  4 Pagestime authors and books have been the cause of controversy over topics such as life or government. When George Orwell wrote his book Animal Far m, it sparked lots of controversy over government. The book was written as a satire to mock the communist regime that was installed after the Russian Revolution. The book does not directly say it is about the revolution but is almost the same tale. George Orwell used subtle ways such as symbolism and anthropomorphism to represent history in a different way. InRead MoreElements in George Orwells Animal Farm861 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm, written by George Orwell, depicts a group of animals who plot to destroy their master, Mr. Jones. The oldest and wisest pig on the farm, Old Major, told the other animals a story about a revolt called, The Rebellion. 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The opening chapter introduces the theme of revolution that dominates the whole novel, and aswell as doing that it also introduces the farm animalsRead MoreAnimal Farm Or Ussr Part II1243 Words   |  5 PagesCliffy Smith James Hensley Pre-IB LA 10 10 April 2015 Animal Farm or USSR Part II Animal Farm written by George Orwell is a hopeful novel about a group of animals that overthrow their farmer and create an animalistic government. Much like All the King’s Men a novel by Robert Penn Warren, Animal Farm has strong political undertones relating to the the skewed government of Soviet Russia. Throughout the book many animal characters can be identified with the political leaders and influences throughoutRead MoreWays of Viewing Animal Farm: Historical Allegory, Fable, and Suspension of Disbelief752 Words   |  4 Pageshumans doing things like walking on two legs and wearing cloths. However would animal farm be more interesting as a historical allegory of a simple fable? For this story to work the writer, George Orwell, asks us to suspend our beliefs and imagine that animals can talk, have and show human characteristics and emotions. Also we are told to believe that animals can build machines such as the windmill and plan it out. It can be argued that Animal Farm would be more interesting as a fable whichRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell, Uses Real World Examples1106 Words   |  5 PagesAnimal Farm, by George Orwell, uses real world examples to link a specific purpose to the unfortunate society. This novel is relevant to the world because in today’s society. Power is often misused and abused. Today’s world if full of scandals by people misusing funds, abuse of power, and taking advantage of the innocent.. To link this novel even more to the real word, Orwell compares Animal Farm to the Russian revolution, which leads to symbols throughout this novel. Authors today are extremelyRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm1395 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge Orwell’s Animal Farm: The Power of Corruption In George Orwell’s Animal Farm, Orwell illustrates how power corrupts absolutely and how Napoleon degrades the structure and stability of Animal Farm because of the decisions that he makes. I will also expand on the idea of how Old Major’s ideas for an organized society get completely destroyed by Napoleon’s revolutionary actions. It was ironic and satirical that Napoleon’s own power annihilates Animal Farm. The satire in George Orwell’s AnimalRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell890 Words   |  4 Pagesfault for the dystopian characteristics on Animal Farm. Animal Farm by George Orwell is a political satire of Communist Russia, the pigs acting as the government and the animals acting as the citizens. The pigs pushed the animals into following them using fear, force, and made-up statistics, and also by telling them that if they didn’t do as they say, Jones or Snowball would return. Also, the sheep were manipulated to constantly bleat â€Å"Four legs good, two legs bad!† (Orwell 29) whenever the otherRead MoreAnimal Farm And 19841457 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ George Orwell s views on totalitarian governments were not concealed from public view. He expressed his thoughts and opinions through his books. Among these books were Nineteen - Eighty -Four and Animal Farm, which were his works that most obviously portrayed his disfavor for totalitarian governments. Totalitarian governments are controlled by political authorities who have control of all aspects of society. Nineteen-Eighty-Four and Animal Farm are two different books that have different ways

The Problem And It s Background Essay - 1030 Words

Chapter 1 The Problem and It’s Background Introduction We are facing everyday lives with problems and struggles. We may often use some abilities that we’ve learned in our higher education experiences, we also often use some basic strategies and knowledge in applying solutions in every problem. As an educator, we must be flexible and proactive in making decisions especially to those students that needs immediate response in their problem. Decision making, ranging from deciding whether you’re going to exert effort in doing your work or simply to finish your work and submit it on the time given. Good decision making is one of the factors that we teachers must attain. Good decision making makes the teachers a good agent of learning to students and good decision making makes the teachers more effective in teaching-learning processes. We often think before we decide. Although in some cases, we make snap decisions maybe because of factors that affect our abilities to decide on a choice. Likewise, if we encountered a problem in teaching whereas the solution is a making a decision that can somehow affect you and your students but because of a factor, like time constraints, you need to decide fast. Do you still think of it critically and analyze each of the choices you have or not? It is also common knowledge that when you are a critical thinker, you have a wide range of subjective analysis to things and tend to think in a more systematic and precise perspective. You oversee thingsShow MoreRelatedPolitical Background Should Be Mandatory1182 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Backgroun d Should be Mandatory before being allowed to run for President Julissa Aguirre Lamar High School Argumentative Abstract Political background should be mandatory before being allowed to run for office to avoid as many problems in the future as possible. The following pages embody key points as to why including: experience, military affairs, and international affairs. The section of experience explains why it is important for a candidate to have political experienceRead MoreComputer Is A Multi Tasking, Gaming Computer1469 Words   |  6 Pagesseveral other things that you can do to prevent your computer from freezing. If you have a desktop background that is a picture you are making your computer work harder than it has to. If you change your desktop background to a solid color then you will be allowing your computer to run at a much faster rate. This is because a solid background requires much less virtual memory than a picture background does. You can also switch to the classic version of Windows instead of the stylish version of WindowsRead MoreDescriptive Essay On Lasagne2038 Words   |  9 Page slearning become a useful tool in high-energy physics. The need of more sophisticated data analysis algorithms arose with the increased complexity of the classification problem. In T2K, selecting a neutrino interaction event is like picking the needle from the haystack, due to the tiny neutrino cross-section and a large number of background events. Nevertheless, increasing the selection purity and efficiency is crucial for precision measurement of neutrino cross-section. In this thesis, a machine learningRead MoreDescriptive Essay On Lasagne2038 Words   |  9 Pageslearning become a useful tool in high-energy physics. The need of more sophisticated data analysis algorithms arose with the increased complexity of the classification problem. In T2K, selecting a neutrino interaction event is like picking the needle from the haystack, due to the tiny neutrino cross-section and a large number of background events. Nevertheless, increasing the selection purity and efficiency is crucial for precision measurement of neutrino cross-section. 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Since SeptemberRead MoreMarks and Spencer Strategies1201 Words   |  5 Pagespresent, Background of the Study, Case Background, Problem, SWOT Analysis, Alternative Courses of Action, Recommendation, Conclusion. A Case Study on Marks and Spencer The Company at Present Marks and Spencer has over 450 stores located throughout the UK, this includes the largest store at Marble Arch, London. In addition, the Company has 150 stores worldwide, including over 130 franchise businesses, operating in 30 countries. Background of the Company * Marks and Spencer (MS) of BritainRead MoreGun Control Laws Should Be Legal1250 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States own a firearm of some sort. There are over one-hundred and fifty laws in the United States, this includes state and government laws. These laws are very strict when it comes to carrying guns and handling them in public, but the problem is it is very easy to get a gun permit online or through a short class. 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Since southern plantation Free Essays

African Americans keenly engaged in the cause of American independence, fought courageously in the early conflicts with the British. Though the revolution liberated some African Americans and set the country on a path toward the elimination of slavery, political adjustment to plantation owners prevented release for many African Americans in the south for another 90 years. A Negro was among the first martyrs in the wave of patriotism. We will write a custom essay sample on Since southern plantation or any similar topic only for you Order Now African Americans fought at the battles of Lexington and Concord. One of the last men injured in the battle as the British runaway to Boston was a Negro, Prince Estabrook, from West Lexington. In the next 2 months, Peter Salem and other 20 African Americans were in the ranks, when the British attacked an American site outside Boston in the Battle of Bunker Hill. Congress required support from the South if the colonies were to triumph in their independence war against England. Since southern plantation owners desired to keep their slaves, they were scared to give arms to African Americans. (Lawler, 2002) On March 5, 1770, Crispus Attucks along with several other patriots from Boston objected to the British restricting the civil liberties in their Massachusetts colony. Attucks and his fellows were shot and killed during a fight with British soldiers. More than 5,000 African Americans later took up the cause and fight for America’s independence. Unluckily, independence for most African Americans would have to wait. (Owens, 2002) Congress commanded all African Americans to be terminated from the army, but African American veterans requested directly to George Washington. Washington took up their cause with John Hancock, the then president of the Continental Congress. African Americans serving in the army were permitted to stay, but new hiring was prohibited. Though the Declaration of Independence affirms that â€Å"all men were created equal,† many African Americans shortly observed more prospects on the British side. The British governor of Virginia assured instant independence and income to any Negro who would join the Royal army. The devotions of African Americans were a grave concern for the American leaders for the reason that African Americans were around twenty percent out of the two-million colonial population. With the British army already in obvious majority, the American troops, and hiring hard for the patriots, the northern colonies before long began to recruit African Americans. Rhode Island formed a regiment almost completely of African Americans. As the battle continued, colonies which were far south like for instance Virginia and Maryland were enlisting free African Americans for the independence war. As the war stretched out into the South, Congress realized it needed to enlist slaves as soldiers. It suggested paying South Carolina slave owners $1,000 for male slaves. The South Carolina Assembly warned to leave the war, ending the plan in the southernmost colonies. Enlistment of African Americans to the American independence continued further north, but the patriots were comparatively less triumphant than the British. The proposal of instant independence completed by Virginia’s inauspicious loyalist governor was eventually made by the British all through the colonies. Slaves joined the British in immense quantity. (Owens, 2002) The fate of the loyalist African Americans varied considerably. Several became the creators of the British colony of Sierra Leone in West Africa. Although the British proposed slaves a better deal, many African Americans continued serving on the American side. African Americans had been in the labor force on ships and at seaports for long. A large number of troops of African Americans combating on the American side were brought to the continent by the French. The actual role of African Americans in the revolution is hard to quantify. Pennsylvania, in 1780, became the first colony to pass a law against slavery. Vermont ruled out slavery and Connecticut and Rhode Island passed steady liberation laws. The international slave trade was abolished in 1808. (Lawler, 2002) A bang in cotton production stretched the slave economy in the lower part of Mississippi Valley. Slave nations were cautious to organize at least half the political influence in the national government, jamming any federal progress in opposition to slavery until the Civil War. Thousands of African American Soldiers from 13 colonies battled in the Continental militia throughout America’s war for independence from Great Britain. African American Soldiers exchanged blows in every major fight of the war, usually in included units. A noteworthy exemption was the 1st Rhode Island Regiment which was first all-African American unit. In 1778 the regiment overpowered three attacks by the British all through the mà ªlà ©e for Rhode Island and later on in 1781 they contributed in the conquest at Yorktown. In the year 1778, they brawled in the combat of Rhode Island on the Island of Aquidneck. They effectively held their line for four hours against British-Hessian attacks, allowing the whole American Army to run away. The regiment saw additional service during the Revolutionary War, including Yorktown. Unluckily, these Negro soldiers did not receive any reimbursement for their service after the conflicts. Several Americans recognized the paradox of slave African Americans fighting under the flag of the Declaration of Independence. Slave labour created the great export crops of the South like for instance indigo, tobacco, naval stores and rice. Who could forecast what escape from the British Empire might indicate for Negro people in America? Lord Dunmore, Virginia’s British governor, swiftly saw the susceptibility of the South’s slaveholders. Dunmore and the British were soon debarred from Virginia, but the panorama of previous fortified slaves combating beside the British must have struck trepidation into cultivation experts across the South. (Owens, 2002) Conclusion An approximated 5,000 African American soldiers served the patriot side during the Revolutionary War. Vigilant contrasts between muster rolls and church, census, and other accounts have lately assisted to recognize many African American soldiers. The employment of African Americans as soldiers was circumvented by General Washington and the parliament early in the warfare. The panorama of fortified slave rebellions confirmed more intimidating to the white society rather than British redcoats. General Washington permitted the recruitment of free African Americans with â€Å"prior military experience† in January 1776, and expanded the enlistment conditions to all free African Americans in January 1777 in order to help fill up the worn-out ranks of the Continental Army. Because the states continuously were unsuccessful to meet their allocation of manpower for the army, Congress approved the enlistment of all African Americans, free and slave, in 1777. Out of all the southern nations, only Maryland allowed African Americans to hire. In 1779, Congress proposed slave masters in South Carolina and Georgia $1,000 for every slave they gave to the army, but the parliaments of both states declined the proposal. Thus, the North holds the highest number of African American soldiers in the American army. (Owens, 2002) The Revolution modified lives of some African Americans, though nothing approaching full equality. The brave martial service of African Americans and the ground-breaking character eliminated slavery in New England almost instantly. Many of the founders hoped that slavery would ultimately vanish from the American South References Lawler, Edward, Jr., â€Å"Letters recognize those who served George Washington in Philly as distinct individuals,† Philadelphia Inquirer, August 28, 2002 Owens, Robert M., â€Å"Jean Baptiste Ducoigne, the Kaskaskias, and the Limits of Thomas Jefferson’s Friendships,† Journal of Illinois History, 5:2 (Summer 2002), 109-136 How to cite Since southern plantation, Papers

Sale by Anita Desai Essay Example

Sale by Anita Desai Essay The artist is in a state of desperation to sell his work to feed his family. Yet he makes no attempt to make his end products look more attractive or desirable in the way he carelessly displays them. The studio is in a deplorable state with no attempt to display the artworks in their most favorable light . Yet he is anxious at what the potential buyers think of his work yet he holds back. He is either too humble or secretly despise the idea of parting with his works.Even when prodded by the buyer to provide more information about a painting on flowers when asked what flowers they were he replies Nothing not real flowers just anything at all. It shows his lack of wanting to close the sale that little bit of effort it takes to get a potential buyer to conclude the sale. He further aggravates the situation by not wanting to part with a painting he painted for his son when the buyer clearly wanted it.The artist clearly needs the money he springs into action only when he senses his c hances are slipping away. Why the procrastination? Hoping to sell it for a higher price ? Reluctant to part with his works? By the time the buyers were about to leave , only then did he spring into action being flexible with the various options he offered them. It was way too late the perfect time to close was long gone.His desperate attempts makes his buyers uncomfortable they shy away from him and the situation becomes a bit embarrasing and awkward for them. There is a perfect time for everything the sale should have been closed when the buyers showed enthusiasm for some paintings. Some effort should have been made to extend some additional interesting features to each artwork. It was simply an artist that was not a good salesman and he learn the hard way not to pull back and close a sale quickly.

Advertising Analysis essayEssay Writing Service

Advertising Analysis essayEssay Writing Service Advertising Analysis essay Advertising Analysis essayToday Public Service Announcement (PSA) is one of the most effective and appropriate advertising tools used to accomplish the established goals. The PSAs promote various activities aimed at improving social life. According to Paul L. Jones, â€Å"government sponsored public service announcement (PSA) campaigns are prepackaged messages generally placed for free through various media to promote designated government activities, programs or services† (3). As a rule, the PSAs are placed for free, but in some cases the PSA campaigns may require some financial obligations. The most common topics chosen for PSA campaigns are health and safety issues, including emergency preparedness tips, disease prevention methods, etc. There are three types of PSA: long PSAs, which usually run 60 seconds, average PSAs 30 seconds and very short PSAs 10 seconds. The major goal of a typical PSA campaign is to promote public awareness regarding the proper information sources or educational sessions on a specific issue of public concern, e.g. obesity, smoking, gambling, etc. (Jones 23).The PSA that will be analyzed in this paper is a TV PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† that was produced by Salo Productions for The Asthma Allergy Foundation and GlaxoSmithKline. This PSA is effective as it provides massive opportunities to the target audience aimed at enhancing public health.Advertising Analysis  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† tells about the major causes of asthma. Actually, there are two causes of asthma symptoms that should be taken into consideration by everyone who has breathing problems airway constriction and inflammation. There are several types of media used for this PSA campaign, including the Internet, radio and television. This PSA was aired on CNBC, MSNBC and the USA Network during the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Over 40 million viewers have watched this PSA.  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† is a long one as it runs 60 seconds. The public service announcement is composed of 16 lines of text, which are read at average speed. The words for this PSA text have been chosen carefully. Thus, the text of the PSA maintains the required message’s integrity. Because of the existing time limit (60 seconds), the PSA is focused on the key idea – to introduce the major causes of asthma in the brief, developing the so-called guide to direction aimed at improving public health.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Asthma symptoms can have a negative impact on the overall health of an individual. The PSA says: â€Å"asthma symptoms can really slow you down†. There are two major causes of asthma symptoms: airway constriction and inflammation. Airway constriction is felt by individuals, while inflammation may not be felt. The PSA is aimed at explaining people that asthma can be tre ated effectively if a person is ready to treat both airway constriction and inflammation. The PSA helps the public to pay due attention to the medicine they use to prevent asthma. As a rule, a medicine helps to prevent only one symptom, â€Å"it can make asthma feel like an uphill battle.† The PSA recommends managing asthma by treating both major causes of asthma symptoms. Thus, the PSA explains the public how to prevent both symptoms in order to make a â€Å"smoother ride†.Evaluation of the PSA’s work on the audienceThe PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† effectively works on the audience, providing much important information on asthma symptoms. The PSA addresses the target audience and uses the proper methods to communicate the desired message to the audience.The target audience the text is trying to addressThe target audience ranges from the general public to the participants of specific activities or programs, such and bike riders, swimmers, runners, b asket-ball players, etc. The statistics on asthma is disappointing. According to American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology (2014),â€Å"the number of people with asthma continues to grow† (Asthma Statistics).   This fact means that many Americans face serious health problems that involve asthma symptoms. The more accurate statistical data includes â€Å"one in 12 people (about 25 million, or 8% of the U.S. population) had asthma in 2009, compared with 1 in 14 (about 20 million, or 7%) in 2001 (Asthma Statistics). People with asthma experience asthma attacks on a regular basis. Many children with asthma are physically unable to play games and go in for sport. The statistical data show that in 2007, â€Å"185 children and 3,262 adults died from asthma† (Asthma Statistics).The key methods used to communicate the desired message to the audience The key methods used to communicate the desired message to the audience include getting attention by story, background music and the speaker’s voice. Thus, the PSA makers use technical methods and common attention getting hooks to communicate the desired information to the target audience.   A young girl and her boy-friend riding a bike, wide road and high speed riding create positive emotions. The audience has a positive visual experience. Sport is a symbol of good health. The PSA makers decided to use sport activity in order to instil confidence in people with asthma. The PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† effectively reaches the audience, holds the attention of the audience and delivers the key message. The use of story in the PSA, the appropriate music and the speaker’s voice guarantee successful perception.Evaluation of the effectiveness of the approachThe PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† addresses the audience’s interests. The text of the PSA is written concisely to explain the key message appropriately. The PSA accomplishes its goals because it provides a clear picture of the major asthma symptoms and helps people with asthma to prevent the major cause of asthma symptoms. In general, the approach used by the PSA makers is effective because the PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† is constructed in the form of a believable story. A young girl riding a bike experiences some symptoms of asthma. Eventually, she feels recovered when both symptoms are prevented by means of external support. The speaker’s voice and background music trigger the audience’s attention.ConclusionThus, the PSA â€Å"Prevent Asthma Symptoms† provide important information for millions of people with asthma. The PSA creates positive mood, encouraging people with asthma to find the proper solutions to the existing health problems. The design of the PSA is successful. The story is easy to interpret; the background music and the speaker’s voice are pleasant to hear. There is a close relationship between visual elements, written materi al and the speaker’s message. Actually, the theme of the PSA is clearly discussed through effective story and positive atmosphere generated by the key characters: a young girl and her boy-friend riding a bike.

Infographic Whats a Good SAT Score for College

Infographic What's a Good SAT Score for College SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The definition of a "good" SAT score is tought to pinpoint. It depends significantly on the types of colleges you're looking at and how much you've improved from your baseline scores. The infographic in this article will go through statistics on the national level and at different colleges to give you a better sense of what a good score might mean for you. This data should help you to see your score from a more informed perspective and decide whether you need to keep working on it to make improvements. As you can see, what a "good" SAT score meansfor you will depend heavily on the selectivity of the colleges where you plan on applying. Although the national average is around a 1500, you might need to score much higher than that to get into an extremely competitive school. For Brown, the 75th percentile SAT score for admitted students was a 2310. If you wanted to have a strong chance of being accepted, you would need to shoot for close to a perfect score. In this case, a "good" score for you might be around a 2300. For Texas AM Kingsville, on the other hand, the 75th percentile SAT score for admitted students was a 1470. If you were interested in this school, you would have a strong chance of being accepted with a score that was on par with the national average of a 1500. You can find similar data on average scores for any colleges that interest you by using the method in the last section of the infographic. In general, your goal should be to reach or surpass the 75th percentile score. Even if your score seems good enough now to get into some colleges that you like, it's important to understand that raising your score a couple hundred points will give you a lot more optionsin the application process. This is especially true if you're currently scoring in the 1400-1500 range. You can see on the graph in the second section of the infographic that there is a big jump in the number of schools you can get into with a 1600 versus a 1400. A two hundred point gain is achieveable for any student with some practice, and it could make a huge difference in your opportunities for college. Higher scores will empower you to consider a wider range of schools andfind one that suits you perfectly! What's Next? Are you wondering how this advice translates to the new SAT? Learn more about what a good target score on the new 2016 SAT might look like for you. If you're working on submitting scores to colleges already, read these articles to find out how to send your scores and navigate your options for score choice. If you're currently preparing for the SAT, you should take a look at our guides that will give you helpful strategies for improving your Math, Critical Reading, and Writing scores. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING TO FACILITATE LEARNING FOR CPUT Article

THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING TO FACILITATE LEARNING FOR CPUT UNDERGRADUATE IT STUDENTS - Article Example IT lecturers in the university use social sites such as the facebook and MXit to provide students with learning materials ((Chigona and Dagada, 2011). Most students are comfortable with the social platform serving as a source of learning materials and hosting discussion forums (Dasgupta, 2010). Well managed social networking sites can support learning activities in learning institutions. In this vein, social networking sites can be applied in the learning program of CPUT. The use of social networking sites can enhance learning activities in the university. This paper aims at examining the efficacy of social networks as a learning platform for undergraduate IT students at CPUT. The IT department at CPUT places communication at the core of teaching and learning for IT students in order to develop critical soft skills (Sylvester and Greenidge, 2010). Computer-mediated teaching and learning at the institution enhances communication which facilitates the development of cognitive skills of students (Alcock, 2009). The university resolved to this form of learning due to student under preparedness, lack of student engagement in the classroom, link theory and practice, and to give students the necessary 21st century skills (Greenhow, 2009). Instructors work with students in the classroom and students can the access notes from the social sites. The young generation is more experienced in tactic knowledge sharing tools via the internet that they can apply in class work (Warschauer, 2009). Recent studies indicate that about 79.31 percent of the IT students engaged in virtual learning find the system very convenient. This is due to the fact that social sites are acces sible from different places both in the institution and at home (Knight and Rochon, 2012). Over the past years, virtual learning has gained popularity among the IT students due to its ease of use. The use of technology creates flexibility in the learning process and

Mini business plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mini business plan - Assignment Example rpose and scope of this plan is to provide particular information about the industry and to highlight the critical areas for successful launching of a new fast food restaurant in Minnesota. The data discussed in this business plan is based on some certain facts and has been collected through number of sources. A careful attempt has been made to present real time data, however, this information may change at any time due to occurrence of any changes in the target market, and thus the actual outcomes may differ from the projected results. Generation of revenue and profit is the main purpose of any organization and same will be for Minnesota Fast Food Restaurant. Since it’s a service provider unit, therefore, customer service is the base of its existence. Our aim is to become the first choice of the customers and make them staying with us again and again. We believe in PEARL as our core value i.e. MFFR will operate its business by keeping a target market of very general nature in front of it because Cottage Grove is a small area having a population of only 34,589 in 2010 census According to the census conducted in 2000, there were 9,932 households and 8,462 families living in the Cottage Grove. Our restaurant will address the youth population, between ages 18 to 44 years, as its target market because it is 41.8% of the total population. Population under 18 is almost 32.7% of the total population (Census Redistricting Data, 2010). In Cottage Grove, the per capita income for the city was $28,348 in 2009 (http://www.city-data.com/city/Cottage-Grove-Minnesota.html). The market behavior of US fast food industry is interesting and it has been observed that generally three types of orders are placed in fast food restaurant. These orders are placed with respect to nature of group and family. The figure shown as Appendix-I indicates that lunch and dinner items are having a larger share of the market as 29% of the US fast food industry consists of it. Snack items and

Beaches Essay -- Descriptive Personal Narrative

Beaches are beautiful forms of nature. Each one varies from another. Some can be rocky, some have white sand, some have black, some are small, and some are large. I love all sorts of beaches. Each beach I have visited has been a memorable experience, but one in particular stands out in my mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During my junior year I went on vacation to a resort in Jamaica with a extraordinary beach. It was a large beach with white sand and remarkable palm trees. There was also a long row of enormous rocks that extended far out into the Caribbean Sea. I found that those rocks made a great place to walk out on to watch the glorious sunsets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I thought this Jamaican beach was great for a couple of reasons. One reason was that it was the perfect place to watch the sunset. The other was that it was a great place to lay out relaxing and tanning during the day. Each day, I’d wake up in the morning, grab a soft white towel, and head for the beach. I was always one of the first to settle on the sand. I easily found myself the perfect spot along the crashing waves each and every day. I’d sit on that towel all day long. I got up only to run into the Caribbean Sea to cool myself off. During the day the beach truly was a great place to be, however, the late afternoon and night were beautiful beyond compare. One night in particular, the sunset was truly a memorable sight. Every sunset I’d witnessed had been great, but this particular evening was my favorite. That night I walked out onto...

African Americans and the Prison System Essay

I. The History of Oppression and African Americans? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K.. III. The lasting effects of slavery: continuous oppression? K? K? K? K? K? K? K a. The lost sense of culture and cultural pride: Feeling of inferiority b. No economic foundation c. Unleveled playing field IV. Maintaining oppression? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K. PART 2 : THE NEW AGE SLAVERY: The Prison System I. The Prison Institution? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K II. Race and the Prison System? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K.. III. The lasting oppression? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K.. IV. The effects of oppression? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K a. Demise of the Black family b. Lost political voice V. Solutions? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K. VI. Closing? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K? K I. Introduction In the book the Mugging of Black America, Earl Ofari Hutchinson relays an interesting experience by a reporter. The reporter, who spent two and a half hours watching suspects march before Washington, D. C. Superior Court Judge Morton Berg, noted that all but one of these subjects was Black. He stated, ?  §There is an odd air about the swift afternoon? Xan atmosphere like that of British Africa in colonial times? Xas the procession of tattered, troubled, scowling, poor blacks plead guilty or not guilty to charges of drug possession, drug distribution, assault, armed robbery, theft, breaking in, fraud and arson. According to Hutchinson, the reporter witnessed more than a courtroom scene; he witnessed the legacy of slavery. This paper will attempt expand on Hutchinson?  ¦s theory. It will do so by first describing slavery and its lasting impact then it will attempt to show how the current criminal justice system mirrors slavery. PART 1: Slavery I. The History of Oppression and African Americans The history of the oppression as it relates to African Americans began in 1619. It was this year in which a Dutch ship brought the first slaves from Africa to North America. Following this arrival of twenty Africans in Virginia, white European-Americans created the institution of slavery. Slavery spread so quickly that by 1860 the original twenty slaves turned into nearly four million. In the beginning the legal status of these Africans was undefined. This absent definition created a lack of certainty which allowed for some slaves to become free after years of service. This only lasted briefly. In the 1660s, however, the colonies began enacting laws that defined and regulated slaves and the institution of slavery. One of the most important of these was the provision that black slaves, and the children of slave women, would serve for life. These ?  §breeding laws were just the beginning. Soon, slavery in the United States was governed by a body of laws developed from the 1660s to the 1860s. Even though every slave state had its own slave code and case law, it became universal that slavery was a permanent condition. In addition to slavery being a permanent condition, slaves were also, under these laws, considered property. Slaves, being property, could not own property or be a party to a contract. Since marriage is a form of a contract, slave marriages had no legal standing. Most codes also had sections regulating free blacks. Under these codes blacks who were not slaves were still subject to controls on their movements and employment. These laws served not only as a physical limitation, but an ideological one also. In addition to granting slave owners and white people power over slaves and in some cases free blacks, the laws also granted slaveholders and white-Europeans an intangible source of power. Socially, the institution of slavery allowed white slave owners to believe they had not only physical control, but physical and mental superiority over the slaves. With only a few exceptions, all slaves were Africans. This fact placed the label of inferiority on black skin. The actual institution of slavery as it relates to master and slave lasted up in till the Civil war. The American Civil War was fought, in part, over slavery. During the war, President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which ?  §freed all slaves. This seemingly, brought the end of slavery throughout the United States, but unfortunately left a lasting impression. From this point on slavery took on a new form as former slaves being associated with the label of inferiority. II. The lasting effects of slavery: continuous oppression Slavery is defined by Webster?  ¦s dictionary as ?  §The state of being under the control of another person . Aalthough the actual physical control and violence supposedly ended after the emancipation proclamation, The intangible theory of supremacy derived from the institution of slavery resulted in many lasting effects. These effects in and of themselves are a form of force, a form slavery. a. The lost sense of culture and cultural pride: Feeling of inferiority Slave drivers made great efforts to eliminate African culture. For instance Africans were beaten if they were caught speaking their native languages or carrying out native rituals . Therefore, they were not able to effectively pass the languages, stories and traditions on to their children. This forced suppression resulted in the loss of verbal records and a rich legacy of history. It is no secret that there is pride in culture. Taking away the culture takes away the pride and the motivation and results in feelings of worthlessness. b. no economic foundation Slave drivers not only attempted to deprive the Africans of there culture and pride, but they successfully robbed them economically. Slaves were forced to work without pay for years while padding the pockets of the slave owners. This deficit of economics resulted in an inability to establish an economic foundation in the United States. c. Unleveled playing field Along with the deprivation of financial resources, another significant factor concerning the state of African Americans is arrested development. Slaves were deprived of opportunities to learn and become more competitive in many areas of society. Black people were not allowed to read or learn to read, so they could not take advantage of written text. All these lasting effects placed blacks in a severely disadvantaged state when slavery was â€Å"abolished†, led a socioeconomic structure in which white people generally held the highest ranks and Black people generally held the lowest ranks. III. Maintaining oppression In order to maintain this socioeconomic structure, there always seems to be a new form of oppression set in place to maintain ?  §slavery. As if the above detrimental effects of slavery were not enough, the White southerners were anxious to maintain more direct power and control over people with black skin, despite there classification as ?  §free. The White southerners decided to, again, use the law in order crystallize there theory of inferiority and keep black people at the lowest ranks. In 1865, southerners created Black Codes, which served as a way to control and inhibit the freedom of ex-slaves. These historic Codes controlled almost all aspects of life, and prohibited African Americans from almost all the freedoms that had been won during the Civil War. The codes, which were blatantly racist and oppressive, were eventually suspended in June 1866, during the ? §reconstruction era. During this time period in America and despite resistance, African-Americans were slowly becoming part of this nation’s inclusion. By 1868, the 14th Amendment to the Constitution confirmed the long awaited citizenship for Blacks in America. By 1870, the 15th Amendment was added to the Constitution which made it illegal to deny the right to vote based on race. The Reconstruction era, although short-lived, showed the first real attempts of inclusive freedom for African-Americans since the abolition of slavery. Gains were taking place: Citizenship, Voting, Education, and Politics. But, the underlying desire to have power over those in black skin never subsided. Just like the black Codes, this desire to dominate again manifested itself in another form, Jim Crow Laws. These laws promoted discrimination and the denial of equal protection by law. Just like the codes, they too were eventually abolished. Just like the Codes, Jim Crow laws, the desire of our society to suppress those in black skin will soon take another form. Today that form is the Criminal Justice System. PART 2 The New Age Slavery: The Prison System I. The Prison Institution Prisons are big in the United States. During the past 20 years, the United States experienced a massive increase in incarceration. The prison population increased fourfold, from 330,000 in 1980 to nearly 1. 4 million in 1999, and the incarceration rate increased from about 140 to about 476 per 100,000 resident populations. Today there are more than two million Americans behind bars. But even more startling is the fact that more than one-half of these incarcerated Americans have black skin. Although black Americans only make up about 12% of the US population, they account for more then 30% of all arrests, 44% of all prisoners and 40% of prisoners on death row. II. Race and the Prison System These obvious disparities in the criminal justice system can be attributed to many different things ranging from racial profiling to the lack of opportunity and poor education, but most criminal justice observers believe that these disparities have emerged from the underlying assumptions rooted in slavery. The assumption that slaves were inferior has carried over to today. Currently this theory of inferiority and desire to maintain oppression influences one of the major policies in place attacking African Americans today, the ?  §war on drugs. Most of the shocking disparities in the criminal Justice System as it relates to African Americans in prison can be attributed to the ?  §war on drugs. According to a study by Human Rights Watch, African-Americans comprise 62 percent of the drug offenders admitted to state prisons. In seven states, â€Å"blacks constitute between 80 and 90 percent of all people sent to prison on drug charges. † According to studies of the U. S. Commission on Civil Rights, African-Americans constitute 15 percent of the national drug users, but comprise an amazing one-third of all those arrested on drug charges and 57 percent of those convicted on drug charges. The criminal justice system generally, and contemporary crime and drug policies in particular, serve as a means for White America to control the African Americans like they did in the 1600 . III. The lasting oppression Similarly to the black codes and segregation implemented after the abolition of slavery; restrictions are placed on prisoners after they are released. Once a prisoner is released from prison, parole and the bans on public assistance, public housing restrictions, etc. create barriers and a seemingly doomed cycle of dominance. Since half of the prisoners in prison are African American, these barriers, like the lasting effects of slavery, have a disproportionate effect on our black communities. III. The effects of oppression According to the Department of Justice?  ¦s Bureau of Justice statistics, the number of adults in prison, jail, or on probation or parole reached almost 7 million during 2004. Since Blacks comprise 30 percent of probationers and 41 percent of prisoners. That means around 4,500,000 African Americans are affected directly by the criminal justice system. Unfortunately those African Americans sent to prison or under parole are not the only people affected. The impact on the black community does not stop at the prison door, conversely it goes far beyond. Even after a prisoner is released there are lasting effects to the prisoner, his or her family and the community as a whole. a. Demise of the Black family One effect of the high rate of incarceration of African American males in particular has been the decreasing number of marriageable men in the African American community. Along with high rates of homicide, AIDS-related deaths and other factors, this has created a substantial imbalance in the male-female ratio among adult African Americans. Whereas gender ratios for African Americans at birth are about 102-103 males for every 100 females, by the age range 40-44, this declines to 86 males per 100 females, whereas white rates are 100:100 for this group. b. Lost political voice The impact of the criminal justice system on the black community goes beyond the declining family structure to issues of political influence as well. As a result of laws that disenfranchise felons and ex-felons in various states, an estimated 1. 4 million African American males, or 13% of the black male adult population, is either currently or permanently disenfranchised as a result of a felony conviction. In fourteen states, a felony conviction can result in lifetime disenfranchisement, and in seven of these states, an estimated one in four black males is permanently disenfranchised. Thus, not only are criminal justice policies contributing to the disproportionate incarceration of African Americans, but imprisonment itself then reduces the collective political ability of African Americans to influence these policies. V. Solutions The constant demise in the structure of the black family, lost political influence and seemingly arrested development are all very familiar results of a history of oppression. Since these effects of slavery and disparities in the criminal justice system seemingly steam from hundreds of years ago there is no â€Å"quick fix†. Ideally the answer would lie in the destruction of all prejudice. But, it is impossible to erase the deep seated legacy and resurfacing effects of slavery. Therefore this problem must be attacked from a variety of different angles. Recommendations for change can be considered in the areas of awareness, legislative change, criminal justice officials?  ¦ initiatives, and criminal justice/community partnerships. The following are some suggested that will allow for a beginning to a seemingly circular and endless problem. 1. Legislative Actions Legislation should be pushed to Reconsider Mandatory Sentencing Policies and Equalize Penalties for Crack and Powder Cocaine . 2. Criminal Justice Officials?  ¦ Initiatives ?n Criminal Justice Officials should Expand Drug Policy Options And Expand the Use of Alternative Sentencing 3. Criminal Justice/Community Partnerships. The criminal Justice system and the community should attempt to Increase Community-based Diversion from the Criminal Justice System And Strengthen the Link between Communities and the Justice System VI. Closing Oppression in the form of institutionalization is nothing new to those dressed in black skin; it has been present since 1619. In this year Africans were brought to the United States and forced into the institution of slavery. Even after the abolition of slavery, a series of codes and segregation laws were set in place to maintain the suppression of black people because black skin was stigmatized as inferior. Even though the prejudice and biased codes and laws were eventually abolished themselves, this stigma remains. Because this theory of black inferiority was embedded in the American culture due to slavery, various means of oppression are able to continually resurface in different forms. Today that form is Criminal Justice System, more specifically the drug policies. Practically mirroring the institution of slavery, African Americans are being controlled and dominated by this system. Control by the USCJS includes the probation, parole, imprisonment, lost economic power, struggling communities and lost political voice. In order to end this vicious cycle of oppression, action must be taken. First people must be made aware of the disparities. Next those who are made aware must press for legislative change, criminal justice officials?  ¦ initiatives, and criminal justice/community partnerships. The challenge for the community at large is to engage in broad discussion of the mix of family, community, and government initiatives that can begin to reverse the cycle that has been set in motion in recent years. Let?  ¦s do what Abraham attempted o do in 1877, let?  ¦s end this legacy of slavery.

A Study On Sex Education - 1081 Words

According to the University of Kansas, historian Jeffrey P. Morgan in his book Teaching, Sex, sex education first appeared in 1913 when Chicago public schools instituted a lecture series for girls and, separately boys, on â€Å"physiology, moral hygiene, and venereal disease†. Americans have viewed adolescent sexuality as an impulse to be controlled, or better, repressed. Sex education has mainly aimed at saving teenage girls from having early sex, and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Alfred Kinsey discovered that girls and boys started having sex at younger ages than usual; this made the change in the curriculum for sex classes critical. Comprehensive sex education classes are key to our youth to ensure a healthy lifestyle, to obtain a proper education, and to achieve economic progression. Thus making comprehensive sex education classes more effective than abstinence-only classes. Abstinence-only classes became funded federally in 1996 when Congress passed the landmark Welfare Reform law. Before then, classes such as Family Life Education, and sexual history were taught. The Department of Health Science did a study and discovered that the abstinence-only classes were not bringing down the numbers enough to be effective. Now the classes are all evolving into sex education classes, which teach teenagers safe ways to have sex. The Federal Government has now stopped all funds of abstinence-only classes and started funding sex education classes. The government isShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Sex Education808 Words   |  4 Pagespeer reviewed journal Sex Education, investigates childism, or systematic discrimination against children, which stems from conservative beliefs that parents have high authority and children belong in the private sphere. 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